-->Biomass Substrate Materials and Utilization

Research Progress of Nanocellulose Research in the Field of Food

CHEN Ting,ZHANG Meng,DENG Boyan,LI Tiantian,CHEN Liqing,XU Ting,SI Chuanling — 2025/6/25 12:48:44

Nanocellulose has many excellent properties such as high specific surface area， excellent mechanical strength， good interfacial stability， and surface chemical multifunctionality， making it a research hotspot in the food field. This paper provided an overview of the application of nanocellulose in the food field， introduced the preparation methods of nanocellulose， including physical， chemical， and biological methods， and synthesized the progress of the application of nanocellulose in emulsion stabilizers， food additives， food packaging， food safety sensing， as well as functional food ingredients. Finally， the applications of nanocellulose in the food field were summarized and prospected， with a view to provide a reference for the development of functionalized utilization of nanocellulose.

Research Progress of Graft-modified Cellulose Gel Material and Its Application in Dyes Adsorption

HUANG Hailin,CHEN Zhuoyue,CHEN Tianying,TANG Yanjun — 2025/6/25 12:48:45

This paper reviewed the research progress of graft-modified cellulose gel materials in the adsorption and removal of dyes from water. The characteristics of cellulose as adsorbent material and the dye adsorption mechanism of cellulose gel materials were introduced， the adsorption performance of cellulose gel materials grafted with different groups on anionic/cationic dyes was analyzed， and the constitutive relationship between different grafting groups and the adsorption performance was explored， which revealed the advantages of graft-modified cellulose gel materials in improving the adsorption capacity， increasing the selectivity， and facilitating the regeneration of adsorbent. The advantages of graft-modified cellulose gel materials in improving adsorption capacity， increasing selectivity and facilitating adsorbent regeneration were revealed.

Study on Adsorption-Reduction of Ag(Ⅰ) by Composite Aerogel Based on Cellulose with Thiol-modification

2025/6/25 12:48:46

Valonea tannin-cellulose composite aerogel （VTCA） was prepared by introducing valonea tannin through cross-linking reaction with cellulose as the raw material， and then the thiol-modified cellulose-based composite aerogel （TVTCA） was synthesized by introducing thiol functional group on VTCA through esterification reaction. The physicochemical properties changes of TVTCA before and after adsorption-reduction were analyzed， the adsorption-reduction effect of TVTCA on Ag（Ⅰ） in water was investigated， and the mechanism was discussed. The results showed that after the adsorption-reduction of Ag（Ⅰ）， the pore structure of TVTCA collapsed， as well as the thiol group and phenolic hydroxyl group underwent adsorption-reduction with Ag（Ⅰ）. Under the optimum adsorption conditions of pH value=5， the equilibrium adsorption capacity of TVTCA for Ag（Ⅰ） reached 111.67 mg/g. The adsorption was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. It was a chemical adsorption process with monolayer adsorption， which belongs to exothermic reaction. Additionally， the influence analysis of coexisting ions in water showed that the adsorption selectivity of TVTCA was enhanced after the introduction of thiol groups. The adsorption of Ag（Ⅰ） by TVTCA was a synergistic action of electrostatic attraction， chelation adsorption and reduction. Ag（Ⅰ） was adsorbed and fixed to the cellulose-based aerogel surface of TVTCA through electrostatic attraction and chelation of —SH and phenolic hydroxyl group， and 85.79% of Ag（Ⅰ） was reduced to Ag⁰ through phenolic hydroxyl group from tannin.

Preparation of Super High-strength Regenerated Cellulose Nanofiltration Membrane and Its Solvent Recovery Performance

2025/6/25 12:48:47

To address the issues of low mechanical strength and non-biodegradability in traditional nanofiltration membranes， regenerated cellulose membranes （RCMs） were first prepared via the phase inversion process to serve as the support layer. Subsequently， a series of super-strength regenerated cellulose nanofiltration membranes （RC-NFs） were fabricated using interfacial polymerization for the recovery of ionic liquids （ILs）. The recovery performance of RC-NFs for ILs was evaluated by optimizing the type of anti-solvent， analyzing the surface morphology， thermal stability， wettability， and mechanical strength of the RC-NFs， and adjusting interfacial polymerization conditions such as the mass fractions of piperazine （PIP） and 1，3，5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride （TMC）， as well as the polymerization time. The results indicated that the RC-NFs possessed hydrophilicity， high thermal stability， and excellent tensile mechanical strength （128 MPa）. As the mass fractions of PIP and TMC， and the polymerization time increased， the water flux of RC-NFs gradually decreased， while the ILs rejection rate generally increased. Under the conditions of PIP mass fraction at 0.50%， TMC mass fraction at 0.30%， and polymerization time of 3 min， the prepared RC-NF-6 achieved a ILs rejection rate of 26.18% and a water flux of 4.30 L/（h·m²）， exhibiting an optimal recovery performance for ILs.

Study on Preparation and Performance of Aramid Nanofiber-reinforced Paper-based Lithium-ion Battery Separators

LIU Tianyu,YANG Yang,HUANG Jianbo,HUO Feiyu,LIU Ying,CHAO Lumen,LIU Wen — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

In order to improve the electrolyte wettability and thermal dimensional stability of lithium-ion battery separators， high-temperature-resistant bleached sulphate-flour broadleaf wood pulp （LBKP）/aramid nanofibers （ANFs） paper-based lithium-ion battery separators were obtained via papermaking process， which were prepared by using LBKP and ANFs as raw materials. The effects of the mass fraction of ANFs on the pore structure， mechanical properties， thermal dimensional stability， and electrolyte wettability of the LBKP/ANFs paper-based lithium-ion battery separators were mainly investigated by micro-morphological characterization， tensile test， contact angle test and other analytical means. The results showed that when the LBKP beating degree was 80 °SR and the mass fraction of ANFs was 20%， the prepared LBKP/ANFs-20 paper-based lithium-ion battery separator had the best performance， with a porosity of 55.5%， a liquid absorption rate of 145.9%， a tensile strength of 58.9 MPa， and basically no dimensional shrinkage at 180 ℃. The lithium cobaltate/lithium （LiCoO₂/Li） battery assembled with LBKP/ANFs-20 paper-based lithium-ion battery separator had a higher initial discharge specific capacity （168.07 mAh/g） at 0.2 C rate， and the capacity retention rate after 50 charge/discharge cycles was 91.7%， higher than that of the lithium-ion battery assembled with the commercial polyolefin diaphragm Celgard 2325 （68.2%）， which exhibited good rate performance and charge/discharge cycle performance.

Preparation of Amino Acid Ionic Liquid-modified Bacterial Cellulose Film and Its Application in Fruit Preservation

2025/3/26 0:00:00

In this study， a novel functionalized ionic liquid （［vaim［Phe］） was designed and synthesized using L-phenylalanine as the anion and 1-vinyl-3-aminopropyl imidazole as the cation. A bacterial cellulose-based functional membrane material （BC-CTA@PIL） was then prepared via graft polymerization. The results showed that when the addition amount of ［vaim［Phe］ reached 300 mg， the maximum stress of prepared BC-CTA@PIL3 reached 5.97 MPa， with antibacterial rates of 99.00% and 96.70% against E.coli and S.aureus， respectively， and a hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of up to 63.78%. The results of the strawberry preservation experiments showed that BC-CTA@PIL3 as packaging materials could significantly prolong the shelf life of freshness.

Study on Silanization Modification of Cellulose Nanofibers and Its Emulsifying Property in Pickering Emulsion

LIU Wenli,JIA Lingyun,FAN Rong,WANG Wenxue,LIU Pengtao — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

Cellulose nanofibers （CNF） were silanization modified by hexadecyl trimethoxysilane （HDS）， and the effect of mass fraction of silanized CNF （H-CNF） on its emulsification performance and prepared Pickering emulsion properties was investigated. The structure of H-CNF was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy， and the particle size distribution， micro morphology and Zeta potential of Pickering emulsion droplets were measured. The stability of Pickering emulsion was characterized by milk fat index （CI）. The results showed that when the mass ratio of HDS and CNF was 5∶1 during silanization modification， the three-phase contact angle of prepared H-CNF was （87.6 ± 0.6）°， and the wetting performance was moderate. With the increase of H-CNF mass concentration from 1.0% to 2.5%， the Zeta potential of Pickering emulsion droplets decreased， the particle size of emulsion droplets decreased significantly， CI decreased， and the stability of Pickering emulsion increased.

Direct Preparation of Lignin Nanoparticles from Ethanol Refining Waste Liquor of Corn Straw and Bambusa Pervariabilis

MEI Zan,WANG Bing,PING Qingwei,ZHANG Jian,SHENG Xueru,LI Na — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

This study utilized ethanol refining waste liquor of corn straw and Bambusa pervariabilis to directly prepare lignin nanoparticles （LNPs） with good stability and uniform size with ultrasonic-assisted. By adjusting the pH value， adding surfactant dosage， and ultrasonic time， the process parameters were optimized adopting the response surface method. The results showed that the ultrasonic time primarily affected the micro-morphology and distribution uniformity of LNPs. Using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB） as a surfactant， under optimized process conditions， LNPs directly prepared from corn straw ethanol refining wastewater had a particle size of 257.1 nm， while that prepared from Bambusa pervariabilis ethanol refining wastewater was 183.0 nm. Similarly， using sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS） as a surfactant， under optimal process conditions， the LNPs directly prepared from Bambusa pervariabilis ethanol refining wastewater had a particle size of 195.2 nm and showed better dispersion stability in water with retention rate of >60% after allowing the LNPs dispersion to stand for 7 days. The LNPs obtained by various methods all exhibited good thermal stability at <200 ℃.

Preparation of Sodium Alginate Hydrogels and Its Adsorption Property Towards Heavy Metal Ions

LI Yulin,WANG Yulong,CHEN Fangxing,LIN Yahui,YANG Rui,KUANG Yishan,ZHANG Hongjie — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

The sodium alginate （SA） hydrogel was successfully prepared by using SA as the substrate and ADH as the cross-linking agent at normal temperature and pressure. The chemical structure， surface morphology， thermal stability and swelling ability of SA hydrogel were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）， scanning electron microscope （SEM） thermogravimetry analysis （TG）， etc. And the adsorption performance and mechanism of the SA hydrogel towards heavy metal ions （Cu²⁺， Pb²⁺ and Cr⁶⁺） was investigated. The results showed that the SA was crosslinked through the amide bond （—CONH—） to form a hydrogel network， and the SA hydrogel with a “honeycomb” porous surface structure had good thermal stability and high swelling rate. Under the condition of adsorption temperature 25 ℃， initial mass concentration of heavy metal ions 50 mg/L， optimal adsorption pH value of adsorption system （pH=4 for Cu²⁺and Pb²⁺， pH=3 for Cr⁶⁺）， and the adsorption time 480 min， the SA hydrogel had good adsorption performance for Cu²⁺， Pb²⁺， and Cr⁶⁺， and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 75.3， 129.5， and 26.4 mg/g， respectively. The dynamic and thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption process of SA hydrogel for Cu²⁺， Pb²⁺ and Cr⁶⁺ conformed to the pseudo second order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model， which belongs to the multi molecular layer chemical adsorption and was an endothermic process that can be carried out spontaneously in the forward direction.

Carboxylated Modified Cellulose and Its Adsorption Properties for Amphetamine

ZHANG Rui,WANG Luying,HUANG jian,LIN Chunxiang — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

In this study， cellulose was used as the raw material， and it was esterified by polyacidic anhydride to prepare the carboxylated modified cellulose material （Cell-COOH）.The preparation conditions of Cell-COOH were optimized through one-factor experiment， the structure of Cell-COOH was characterized， and its adsorption properties and behaviors were investigated. The results showed that the equilibrium adsorption capacity of Cell-COOH on 20 mg/L amphetamine solution was 34.59 mg/g under the conditions of cellulose to homophthalic anhydride mass ratio of 1∶3， reaction temperature of 115 ℃， and reaction time of 1.5 h. The adsorption behavior of Cell-COOH towards amphetamine was in accordance with the Langmuir isothermal model and the pseudo-second kinetic model， which was mainly single-layer-chemisorption， and the adsorption process was a self-motivated exothermic reaction. The adsorption capacity of Cell-COOH towards amphetamine was 92.64% of first adsorption after 7 cycles of adsorption-desorption experiments， showing a good stability and reusability.

Research Progress on Gas Adsorption by Biomass Activated Carbon

ZHAO Xiufu,WU Wenjuan,JIN Yongcan — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

Biomass activated carbon （AC） prepared from biomass as a carbon source has received widespread attention as an adsorbent material， due to the advantages of wide source of raw materials， low cost， and green environmental protection. This paper described the structural properties and adsorption mechanism of biomass AC， introduced and compared the advantages and disadvantages of biomass AC prepared by physical and chemical activation methods， and focused on the review of the research progress and application of biomass AC in the field of gas adsorption about CO₂ capture， volatile organic compounds （VOCs） removal and H₂ storage. The pore structure and specific surface area had a significant effect on the gas adsorption performance of biomass AC， and factors such as surface functional groups and activator types also affected the pore structure， specific surface area and surface property differences of biomass AC.

Preparation of Enteromorpha Polysaccharides/Konjac Glucosidan/Biochar Fertilizer Mulch Film

LI Xiang,SONG Weiguang,CHENG Hongyu,WANG Xioadi,WANG Shujie,LI Qing,SUN Zhonghua — 2025/3/26 0:00:00

This study extracted Enteromorpha polysaccharide from Enteromorpha， and used urea-loaded biochar （U-BC， loading ratio of 17.8%）， Enteromorpha polysaccharide， and konjac glucomannan （KGM） as raw materials to prepare a biodegradable nutrient-functionalized Enteromorpha polysaccharide/KGM/biochar fertilizer mulch film （UBCF）. The chemical structure， urea-releasing property， mechanical properties， water resistance， light transmittance， thermal stability， and biodegradability of UBCF were systematically investigated. The results revealed that UBCF contained abundant functional groups including hydroxyl， carboxyl， and sulfonic acid groups. The cumulative release ratio of urea in UBCF was 76.9% after 20 h water immersion. Notably， UBCF exhibited light transmittance <3%， meeting the optical requirements for opaque black films. After 80 days of soil burial， the degradation rate of UBCF reached 68.3%， confirming its excellent light-blocking capability， biodegradability， and favorable thermal stability.

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Fe-catalyzed Biomass-based Carbon Aerogels

LIN Yan,JIAO Jian,DENG Yongjun,FANG Guigan — 2026/6/18 21:51:25

Hierarchical porous Fe-catalyzed biomass-based carbon aerogels were fabricated by using lignin and cellulose nanofibers （CNF） as carbon sources with ferric nitrate as catalyst and template agent. Their electrochemical performances as supercapacitor electrodes were comparatively investigated. The results indicated that as the amount of ferric nitrate increased， the graphitization degree of the prepared Fe-catalyzed biomass-based carbon aerogel enhanced， while the specific surface area first decreased and then increased， and the total pore volume and average pore diameter both increased. The specific capacitance， reversible charge-discharge performance， and rate performance of the prepared electrodes all show an upward trend. When the mass ratio of ferric nitrate to lignin/CNF was 2∶1 and 3∶1， the specific surface area， total pore volume， and average pore diameter of the prepared LC@FeA-2 and LC@FeA-3 were 421.4， 467.3 m²/g，0.300， 0.373 cm³/g， and 2.849， 3.195 nm， respectively， and they exhibited optimal electrochemical performance， with specific capacitance of 219.0 and 221.8 F/g， respectively， and excellent capacitance rentention rate of 73.3% and 74.8%， respectively. After 4 000 cycles of charge-discharge tests， the specific capacitance retention rate of LC@FeA-2 was 72.0%， demonstrating a good cycle stability.

Cd²⁺ Adsorption Properties of Fe-modified Biochar and Its Environmental Sustainability Evaluation

WEI Yuxin,LIU Kuankuan,CHEN Jiayang,WANG Junqi — 2026/6/18 21:51:26

In this study， poplar wood was used as the raw material to prepare biochar （BC） under various pyrolysis temperatures and times. Iron was introduced via an Fe impregnation-calcination method to modify the biochar. The adsorption behavior of Fe-modified biochar towards Cd²⁺ was systematically investigated. Additionally， a life cycle assessment （LCA） was conducted to analyze the environmental impacts of different process routes in terms of global warming potential， acidification potential， and ecological toxicity. The results showed that increasing pyrolysis temperature significantly enhanced specific surface area and adsorption capacity of Fe-modified biochar， while reducing the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface. The theoretical saturated adsorption capacity of Fe-BC， prepared at 600 ℃， was 25.432 mg/g. LCA analysis revealed that the route of 400 ℃ and 30 min imposed the lowest environmental burden， removing 1 mg Cd²⁺ resulted in a global warming potential of only 0.10 kg CO₂ eq， whereas the high-temperature pyrolysis processes enhanced the adsorption performance at the cost of higher environmental impacts.

Preparation of Hydrophobic Sugarcane Pith Microparticles and Study on the Oil-Water Separation Performance of Their Polyurethane Composite Foam Materials

GAO Longxue,PING Qingwei,SHENG Xueru,ZHANG Jian,LI Na — 2026/6/18 21:51:26

Using sugarcane bagasse screen residue （sugarcane pith） as raw material， hydrophobic sugarcane pith microparticles （HMSP） were prepared through ethanol pretreatment， mechanical grinding， and dry modification with alkylene ketone dimer （AKD）. HMSP were then used to prepare HMSP/polyurethane composite foam materials. The results showed that ethanol pretreatment and mechanical grinding could increase the content of alcoholic and phenolic hydroxyl groups in HMSP； Furthermore， these hydroxyl groups reacted with AKD could significantly enhance the hydrophobicity of HMSP. After modification with AKD， the prepared HMSP₇₅ derived from sugarcane pith microparticles with a particle size of ≤75 μm exhibited the highest water contact angle of 152.12°. When HMSP₇₅ was incorporated into the polyurethane system， it markedly improved the pore structure and mechanical properties of the prepared HMSP/polyurethane composite foam materials. The HMSP-10-PUF prepared with a 10% HMSP₇₅ mass fraction exhibited the highest water contact angle， reaching 135.02°. At strain of 70%， the compressive stress of HMSP-10-PUF was approximately 0.35 MPa. It exhibited excellent oil-water separation performance in both “floating oil-water” and “sinking oil-water” mixed systems， with an oil absorption capacity of approximately 25 g/g for dichloromethane as simulated oil phase. Moreover， its oil absorption capacity remained at over 80% of the initial value even after 10 times of adsorption-desorption cycles.

Study on Preparation and Performances of Sodium Lignosulfonate/Polyvinyl Alcohol Superabsorbent Resin with Semi-Interpenetrating Network

CHEN Huijun,CHEN Ruoyi,LIU Yifan,LIU Minghua — 2026/6/18 21:51:27

Incorporating sodium lignosulfonate (LS) as a rigid bio-based framework， linear polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide) were introduced to form a semi-interpenetrating system within the covalent cross-linked network， a LS-grafted poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide)/PVA superabsorbent resin (LS-g-P(AA-co-AM)/PVA) with semi-interpenetrating network was prepared， and a composite architecture comprising a “sodium lignosulfonate-based bio-skeleton + semi-interpenetrating network” was constructed， which could overcome the limitations of traditional single cross-linked networks. The results showed that the multiples of water (liquid) absorbing of LS-g-P(AA-co-AM)/PVA in distilled water and NaCl solution with mass fraction of 0.9% were 1 492.1 and 183.6 g/g， respectively. Due to the triple synergistic effects of the dual-charge system formed by the sulfonate groups and carboxylate groups， the reversible hydrogen-bond network of PVA， and the ion-dipole coordination layer between the hydroxyl groups of PVA and Na⁺， LS-g-P(AA-co-AM)/PVA exhibited excellent salt-tolerance， with multiple of liquid absorbing of 123.6 g/g even in NaCl solution with mass fraction of 3%. In addition， LS-g-P(AA-co-AM)/PVA exhibited outstanding water retention， acid and alkali resistance， and recyclability. Its water retention rate remained as high as 61.0% after being left at 60 ℃ for 12 h， and the retention rate of multiples of water absorbing was 49.3% after 5 cycles. These showed that LS-g-P(AA-co-AM)/PVA had significant potential for applications in areas such as the reclamation of saline-alkali land and horticultural cultivation.

Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Chitosan Based Nanofibers by Electrospinning Technique

ZHANG Lu,LI Jindi,JI Mingyu,WANG Ke,DONG Fengxia,ZHANG Jingwen,HUANG Ju,CAO Shan — 2026/6/18 21:51:29

This paper systematically reviewed the research progress on the preparation of chitosan-based nanofibers via electrospinning， focusing on the regulatory effects of chitosan characteristics， co-spinning polymers， solvent systems， applied voltage， and ambient temperature and humidity on the morphology， microstructure， mechanical properties， and functional performances of chitosan-based nanofibers. Meanwhile， the application advances of chitosan-based nanofibers in biomedicine， environmental treatment， and other fields were summarized， and their potential values and development trends were discussed， aiming to provide systematic references and theoretical supports for the design optimization， functional regulation， and industrial development of such nanofibers.

Study on the Selective Adsorption of Lignin from Corn Stover Hydrolysate Using Protein Complex and Its Mechanism

WANG Yifan,KONG Lingyi,LI Xiao,YU Menghui,WANG Gaosheng — 2026/6/18 21:51:29

In this study， a protein complex composed of egg white protein and soy protein isolate was used to adsorb the lignin in the hydrolysate obtained by the hydrothermal pretreatment of corn stover， and the effectiveness and mechanism of the protein complex in selective adsorption of lignin from the hydrolysate were investigated. The results showed that at reaction temperature of 95 ℃， pH value of 5， and a protein complex dosage of 1.5 g/L， the removal rate of macromolecular lignin reached 89.6%， the removal rate of small molecular lignin was 26.1%， and the total sugar loss was only 0.98%， indicating that the protein complex could preferentially remove macromolecular lignin while exerting minimal influence on sugars. Mechanism analysis revealed that the binding between the proteins and lignin was primarily driven by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. As the reaction temperature increased， the degree of protein cross-linking increased， leading to the formation of larger aggregates with enhanced hydrophobicity， which further improved its lignin removal ability.

Analysis of Volatile Components and Identification of Key Aroma Compounds in Essential Oils of Pomelo Peels from Different Varieties

2026/6/18 21:51:31

In this study， essential oils of pomelo peels suitable for the production of fragranced specialty paper were extracted by steam distillation from six representative pomelo varieties， and a systematic analysis was conducted on their volatile components， key aroma compounds， and pyrolysis behavior. The results showed that 52 volatile components of the essential oils of pomelo peels were identified， with monoterpenes being the most abundant (22.5%~92.8%). The sensory evaluation of essential oil processed cigarettes indicated that fruity and sweet aromas were most prominent of essential oil of Liangping pomelo peel. The relative odor activity value (ROAV) analysis identified that nootkatone (ROAV=100) and D-limonene (ROAV=2.175) were the key aroma compounds of essential oil of Liangping pomelo peel， whereas the essential oils of Fengdu red pomelo peel and Long’an pomelo peel showed poor aroma quality due to high levels of oxidized limonene (7.4%~11.9%) and the absence of nootkatone. In addition， the pyrolysis of essential oil of Liangping pomelo peel was more complete (residue rate of 11.7%) and released characteristic flavor compounds derived from nootkatone， while the pyrolysis residue rate of essential oil of Fengdu red pomelo peel reached 65.7%. The suitable ratio of D-limonene to nootkatone (26.10) was key to the superior flavor quality of essential oil of Liangping pomelo peel.

Study on Preparation of Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Aerogel-based Moist Electri city Generation Device and Its Performance

XIANG Zhong,TIAN Xiuzhi,LI Yuhang,JIAO Xinye,DU Yichun,JIANG Xue — 2026/3/20 12:40:51

In this study， carboxymethyl cellulose sodium （CMC-Na） and carboxymethyl chitosan （CMCS） were used as raw materials to prepare CMC-Na/CMCS aerogel. Then the aerogel was assembled with a porous aluminum mesh and copper foil to construct a novel moist electricity generation devices （MEGs） featuring a ‘sandwich’ structure that integrated both efficient moisture capture and conversion capabilities. The performance of moist electricity generation of prepared CMC-Na/CMCS aerogel-based MEGs was evaluated. The results indicated that the successful cross-linking between CMC-Na and CMCS was occurred， endowing the CMC-Na/CMCS aerogel with a three-dimensional network structure and uniform pore. Under conditions at 45 ℃ and relative humidity of 80%， the CMC-Na/CMCS aerogel-based MEGs achieved a maximum stable open-circuit voltage （V_oc） of 0.90 V and a short-circuit current （I_sc） of 2.6 μA. Under normal environmental conditions （temperature of 25~40 ℃， relative humidity of 55%~75%）， the CMC-Na/CMCS aerogel-based MEGs sustained continuous voltage output for up to 24 h， with V_oc stabilizing between 0.43 V and 0.79 V， demonstrating excellent environmental adaptability and operational stability.

Preparation and Application of N, Si Auto-doped Carbon Quantum Dots and Photocatalytic Composites

ZHU Yawei,FANG Guigan,SHEN Kuizong,TIAN Qingwen — 2026/3/20 12:40:52

Based on the fact that bamboo is rich in nitrogen （N） and silicon （Si）， this study utilized bamboo residue as a raw material to prepare nitrogen and silicon auto-doped bamboo-based carbon quantum dots （N， Si-CQDs） via hydrothermal method， further combined with BiOCl to form N， Si-CQDs/BiOCl composites. Compared with the residues from eucalyptus and Masson pine pulping， bamboo pulping residues exhibited a higher Si content （2.31%） and relatively higher N and O contents， highlighting their unique advantages for high-performance carbon materials preparation. The study revealed that N， Si-CQDs/BiOCl achieved a photocatalytic degradation rate of 92.5% for tetracycline hydrochloride （TCH） within 160 min， with hydroxyl radicals （·OH）， superoxide radicals （·O₂^-）， and holes （h⁺） identified as the primary active species. The auto-doping of N and Si significantly enhanced the electron transport capacity of carbon quantum dots， promoting the separation and migration of photogenerated charge carriers.The strong interaction between N， Si-CQDs and BiOCl through C—O—Bi chemical bonds enhanced the catalyst’s oxygen vacancy concentration and facilitates efficient electron transfer， thereby boosting the photocatalytic effect.

Study on Fabrication of PAN/CNF Composite Films and Its Oil-water Separation Properties

2026/3/20 12:40:54

In this study， cellulose nanofiber （CNF） and polyacrylonitrile （PAN） nanofiber film were prepared， respectively， via high-pressure homogenization and electrospinning techniques. The PAN/CNF composite films were constructed using the vacuum loading method， and the effects of CNF loading capacity on the physicochemical properties and oil-water separation performance of PAN/CNF composite films were investigated. The results indicated that CNF successfully loaded to the surface of PAN nanofiber film， with PAN/CNF composite films exhibiting a double-layer structure. The average pore size of the PAN nanofiber film without CNF loading （PAN/CNF-0） was 0.234 µm. When the actual CNF loading capacity reached 1.16 g/m²， the average pore size of the prepared PAN/CNF-2 decreased to 0.182 µm， and the CNF layer exhibited a nanoscale porous structure. As the CNF loading increased， the air permeability， water contact angle， and water wetting time of PAN/CNF composite films all decreased continuously. Furthermore， PAN/CNF-2 exhibited an underwater oil contact angle of 155° and a water flux of 3 569 L/(h·m²)， demonstrating significantly enhanced hydrophilic and oleophobic properties compared to PAN/CNF-0 （143° and 4 412 L/(h·m²)）.

Synergistic Co-pyrolysis of Lignin and Cellulose for Fabricating Porous Carbon Applied in Supercapacitors

YANG Cheng,ZHAO Yifang,LU Xuefeng,LONG Zhu,DAI Lei — 2026/3/20 12:40:55

The enzymatic lignin and cellulose-containing waste textiles were taken as co-precursor， of which the lignin and cellulose were taken as composite carbon sources， to prepare porous carbon （TLPC） applied in supercapacitors with high specific surface area via a one-step carbonization-activation. The microporous structure and electrochemical performances of TLPC samples were systematically investigated. The results showed that at a carbonization temperature of 800 ℃， the prepared TLPC-800 exhibited a high specific capacitance of 275 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g. When assembled into a symmetric coin-type supercapacitor， the device delivered an energy density of 13.54 Wh/kg at a power density of 325 W/kg. After 10 000 charge-discharge cycles， the capacitance retention rate reached nearly 99.6% with a coulombic efficiency of approximately 100%， indicating an excellent cycling stability. In addition， the assembled large-volume flexible solid-state supercapacitor also presented favorable electrochemical performance.

Design and Fabrication of Cellulose-based Conductive Inks: A Review

MENG Fanhang,HUANG Lingzhi,WU Lu,JIA Wenchao,NIU Meihong,HUANG Ju,SHI Haiqiang — 2026/3/20 12:40:57

This paper provided a systematic review of the latest research advances in cellulose-based conductive inks， focusing on their design， preparation strategies， printing processes， and application performance. The unique molecular structure of cellulose offered significant advantages as a functional substrate. By compositing cellulose with conductive material such as metallic nanomaterials， carbon-based materials， and two-dimensional materials （MXenes）， the electrical and mechanical properties of the cellulose-based conductive inks could be effectively tuned. This paper further compared and analyzed the influence patterns of different printing technologies on the performance of cellulose-based conductive inks， including screen printing， inkjet printing， and 3D printing， revealed the intrinsic relationship between the rheological properties of these inks and printing precision.

Reasearch on Preparation and Application of Multilayer Discarded Grape Skin Piezoelectric Films

WANG Xiying,ZHANG Lina,WANG Jue,LUO Pei,XU Shunjian — 2026/3/20 12:40:57

This study utilized grape skins， an agricultural waste material， to prepare novel bio-based piezoelectric films. After composited with PEN-ITO conductive films， multilayer grape skin piezoelectric film sensors with a ‘sandwich’ structure were fabricated， exhibiting stable voltage output under mechanical stress. The double-layer grape skin piezoelectric film sensor achieved the highest sensitivity （42 mV/N）， representing a 133% increase compared to the single-layer sensor （18 mV/N） and a 100% increase compared to the triple-layer sensor （21 mV/N）. Furthermore， the double-layer grape skin piezoelectric film sensor exhibited excellent linear correlation between voltage and current （R² > 0.976）. For applications in human motion monitoring， micro-energy harvesting， and acoustic detection， the layered-structure flexible sensor demonstrated excellent adaptability.

Preparation of L-lysine Grafted Micro/Nano Cellulose and Study on Its pH Responsive Dye Adsorption Properties

LIU Liu,TIAN Xiuzhi,JIANG Xue,GAO Wenqiang,HOU Enfeng — 2026/3/20 12:40:58

In this study， a pH-responsive micro/nano cellulose adsorbent （Lys-g-MNC） was prepared via a multi-stage modification strategy. Firstly， micro/nano cellulose （MNC，more than 60% of its particles were in the nanoscale range） was obtained by ultrafine grinding， and then oxidized with sodium periodate to produce micro/nano-dialdehyde cellulose （MNDAC）. Subsequently， MNDAC was subjected to a Schiff base reaction with L-lysine to introduce amphoteric groups and prepare Lys-g-MNC. The results showed that Lys-g-MNC （approximately 85% of its particles were in the nanoscale range） exhibited amphoteric characteristics with an isoelectric point of 5.2 and contained a large number of amorphous regions. Using reactive blue 19 （RB-19） and methylene blue （MB） as model contaminants， the theoretical saturation adsorption capacity of Lys-g-MNC towards RB-19 reached 144.3 mg/g at pH value of 3， while its theoretical saturation adsorption capacity towards MB reached 163.8 mg/g at pH value of 10， indicating prominent pH-responsive properties. The adsorption process was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model， suggesting that the dominant mechanism was monolayer chemisorption.

Current Status and Development Trends of Bio-based Biodegradable Barrier Packaging Materials

WANG Gang — 2026/3/20 12:40:59

This paper systematically reviewed the research status and development directions of biomass-based biodegradable barrier packaging materials. It analyzed the advantages and key challenges faced by material systems including polylactic acid （PLA）-based， starch-based， cellulose-based， and paper-based materials， such as poor barrier performance and mechanical strength， as well as high costs. The study further explored modification techniques used to enhance the barrier properties of these materials， such as blending modification （e.g.， starch/PLA）， nanocomposite reinforcement （utilizing the “labyrinth effect”）， intrinsic hydrophobic modification （chemical modification）， and coating modification （e.g.， multifunctional coatings for paper-based materials）， along with their respective advantages， disadvantages， and applicability. Finally， the outlook highlighted the development prospects of technologies of highly compatible bio-based barrier agents， structural optimization， and improvement of nanomaterial dispersion， aiming to provide references for technological innovation and industrial upgrading of bio-based biodegradable barrier packaging materials.