-1 and 1200~900 cm^-1. Through crystallinity index calculated from FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum， a more detailed distinction of each kind of paper was achieved. The validity test results of 137 ancient paper samples showed that the fiber composition of ancient paper can be effectively identified by FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum analysis. For raw paper made from single kind of fiber， FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum can reach a level comparable to microscopic analysis. For coated paper， it can identify the fiber accurately by FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum without spectral peaks interference of additives. For mixed paper， the categories of components in mixed fibers can also be identified through FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum. Therefore， FT-IR Second Derivative spectrum analysis has a great application prospect in the nondestructive identification for ancient Chinese paper fibers.]]> 2024/12/23 15:30:25 LYU Shuxian, ZHANG Yanxia, WANG Xu 11true 2O and ethanol） in different titrant systems was explored， and PPTA nano fibrid was prepared by precipitation method. The results showed that compared with the H₂O-NMP titrant system， the ethanol-NMP titrant system had higher titration accuracy for low molecular weight PPTA solution. The density of PPTA fibrid prepared by precipitation method was 1.41 g/cm³ using ethanol-NMP titrant system with ethanol mass fraction of 10%， with a maximum specific surface area of about 114.34 m²/g and a length-diameter ratio of 570. The PPTA fibrid had a clear amorphous structure with a crystallinity of 22.7%. Without glass transition or melting point， the PPTA fibrid exhibited significant thermal stability.]]> 2024/12/23 15:30:25 ZHAO Kairong,LI Na,YU Junrong,WANG Yan,HU Zuming 10true 3 and polyaluminum chloride （PAC） as flocculants， respectively. The results showed that when the concentration of the alkali pretreatment hydrolysate （calculated by COD_Cr） was 8 g/L， the removal rate of macromolecular colloidal lignin （calculated by turbidity） in the alkali pretreatment hydrolysate was 70.6%±2.2%， and the removal rate of small molecule soluble lignin （calculated by total phenol content） reached 20.7%±1.4% after EWPs thermal flocculation treatment. Compared with EWPs flocculation process at room temperature， FeCl₃ and PAC flocculation processes， the removal rate of lignin increased. Investigation about the mechanism of lignin removal by EWPs thermal flocculation showed that high-temperature-induced denaturation of EWPs led to protein structural changes， promoting the bindings between EWPs and lignin resulted from the hydrophobic flocculation and hydrogen bonding. During the heating process， macromolecular flocs were further formed through hydrogen interaction and sulfhydryl-disulfide conversion reaction of EWPs protein molecular with lignin， which promoted the flocculation and removal of macromolecular lignin and its derivatives in the alkali pretreatment hydrolysate.]]> 2024/12/23 15:30:26 CHEN Yan,LYU Pengjing,CHEN Yanbing,DING Wenrui,LI Min,LIU Chunlan,WANG Gaosheng,YU Menghui 9true 2024/12/23 15:30:27 LIU Jing,ZHOU Guiyuan,ZHAO Xinyu,DONG Gaofeng,ZHANG Mengyuan,LI Huifan 8true 2024/12/23 0:00:00 7true 2024/12/23 0:00:00 6true Remnants of Ancient Writing Scripture and Fine Works of Ancient Writing Scripture， and summarized the possible commonalities and trends in fiber composition， paper thickness， curtain density， paper surface characteristics， and processing methods of Japanese scripture paper samples from different history periods. This study provides a reference for studying the production process of Japanese scripture paper throughout history and identifying the age of ancient scriptures in terms of paper information.]]> 2024/9/18 0:00:00 YI Xiaohui,QI Xiaohua,DING Dezhao 5true 2024/9/18 0:00:00 JIAO Ting,ZHU Beiping,GUO Wenliang,JIAO Jian,HAN Shanming,FANG Guigan,XIE Zhanghong 4true 2024/9/18 0:00:00 LIU Mingyang,YU Menghui,LIU Chunlan,SHAO Xuejun,WANG Gangsheng 3true 4 oxidation pretreatment combined with low-energy and high-pressure homogenization using bleached hardwood pulp as raw material. The effects of oxidation time on the morphology， size， yield， chemical structure， Zeta potential， crystallinity， and other parameters of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers were explored. The results showed that the yield of carboxylated cellulose nanofibers with aspect ratio of 375 nm prepared by oxidation reaction for 1 h was as high as to 97.3%， and Zeta potential was -22.5 mV. The initial thermal decomposition temperature was higher than 293.2 ℃， and it had good dispersion stability and thermal stability. The thin film of carboxylated cellolose nanofibers prepared by vacuum filtration had excellent mechanical properties （maximum tensile strength was 85.49 MPa） and high light transmittance （up to 88.1%）.]]> 2024/9/18 0:00:00 ZHANG Sufeng,DENG Tingting,LI Nan,LI Lei,DING Hao,ZHU Xinyue 2true α-amylase and binary， ternary， and quaternary complex enzyme systems consisting of α-amylase with β-amylase， pullulanase and glucoamylase for three commonly used modified starches （oxidized starch， enzymatically hydrolyzed starch， and cationic starch）. The effect of different α-amylase dosages on starch enzymatic rate and DE value was explored. The results indicated that when the starch enzymatic rate reached 90% in single α-amylase system， the required amount of α-amylase for cationic starch enzymolysis was about 4 times than that of the other two kinds of starches. The enzymatic rate of enzymatically hydrolyzed starch could be increased by up to 37.4% when citric acid was added to inhibit zinc ions. In the binary complex enzyme system， the enzymatic rate of cationic starch by α-amylase/β-amylase was 5.3% and 8.7% higher than that by α-amylase/glucoamylase and α-amylase/pullulanase， respectively. In the ternary complex enzyme system， the enzymatic rate of cationic starch by α-amylase/glucoamylase/β-amylase was 1.2% higher than that by α-amylase/glucoamylase/pullulanase. In the application of α-amylase/glucoamylase/β-amylase/pullulanase tetrameric complex enzyme system to the enzymatic reactions of cationic starch， enzymatically hydrolyzed starch and oxidized starch， when the enzymatic rate of starch reached 80%， the required amount of α-amylase was 56%， 38% and 17% of that by single α-amylase system， respectively.]]> 2024/9/18 0:00:00 ZHU Hexin,WANG Siwei,HU Huijie,ZHAO Ming,LIU Nian,HU Jing,JIANG Yun,DENG Haibo 1true