| 赵怡婷,谢蕴和,林春香,刘以凡.纳米纤维素增强塑料复合材料的制备及应用研究进展[J].中国造纸学报,2026,41(3):66-79 |
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| 纳米纤维素增强塑料复合材料的制备及应用研究进展 |
| Research Progress on the Preparation and Application of Plastic Composites Reinforced by Nanocellulose |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-14 修订日期：2026-03-05 |
| DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2026.03.66 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米纤维素 疏水改性 塑料增强 复合材料 |
| Key Words:nanocellulose hydrophobic modification plastic reinforcement composite materials |
| 基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展资金项目2024L3001国家自然科学基金21466000中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2024L3001）；国家自然科学基金（21466000）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 纳米纤维素（nanocellulose，NC）凭借其优异的力学性能、高比表面积、可再生及可生物降解等特性，在塑料增强改性领域具有广阔的应用前景。然而，NC表面富含大量亲水性羟基，极性较强，使其在塑料基体中分散性较差，严重限制了其功能化应用。本文以3种典型NC，即纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）、纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）、细菌纤维素（BC）为研究对象，系统综述了NC对塑料基体的增强机制及NC增强塑料复合材料的主流制备工艺；针对NC在复合材料中存在的团聚与界面相容性差等关键问题，归纳总结了NC改性、塑料基体改性及添加界面相容剂等优化策略，综合介绍了NC增强复合材料的性能与应用，最后提出了该领域研究存在的核心难题，并对该领域未来的研究重点与发展方向进行了展望。 |
| Abstract: |
| Nanocellulose （NC） have shown great potential in the field of plastic reinforcement due to their excellent mechanical properties， high specific surface area， renewability and biodegradability. However， the surface of NC is rich in hydroxyl groups and has a high degree of polarity， which affects its dispersibility in plastics and limits its functional applications. This article introduced the reinforcing mechanisms of 3 kinds of typical NC such as nanocellulose crystals （CNC）， nanocellulose fibers （CNF）， bacterial cellulose （BC） on plastics， reviewed the preparation processes of NC reinforced plastic composite materials， and addressed issues such as easy agglomeration and weak interfacial bonding of NC in the composite materials. The modification methods of various composite processes such as NC modification， plastic matrix modification， and addition of interface compatibilizers were summarized. The performances and applications of NC reinforced plastic composite materials were comprehensively reviewed， and the key challenges existing in this research field were finally pointed out. |
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