制浆黑液成分及蒸发特性研究

刘贤淼<sup>1</sup>; 张俊逸<sup>2</sup>; 张　波<sup>2</sup>; 刘秀云<sup>2</sup>; 陈秀芳<sup>2; *</sup>

刘贤淼,张俊逸,张　波,刘秀云,陈秀芳.制浆黑液成分及蒸发特性研究[J].中国造纸学报,2018,33(2):35-39

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制浆黑液成分及蒸发特性研究

Study on the Composition and Evaporation Characteristics of Pulping Black Liquor

DOI：10.11981/j.issn.1000-6842.2018.02.35

中文关键词: 碱法制浆黑液成分分析蒸发

Key Words:alkaline pulping process pulping black liquor component analysis evaporation

基金项目:林业公益性行业科研专项经费（201504610）。

作者	单位
刘贤淼¹	1.国际竹藤中心，北京，100102
张俊逸²	2.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛，266100
张　波²	2.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛，266100
刘秀云²	2.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛，266100
陈秀芳^2，*	2.中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛，266100

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中文摘要:

针对制浆黑液的特点，采用元素分析仪、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、能量散射光谱仪（EDS）及离子色谱（IC）等分析手段对黑液成分进行表征及定性定量分析，并对黑液的蒸发特性进行了初步研究。元素分析结果表明，黑液蒸发后的固体中含有N、C、H、S等元素。XRD谱图分析显示，煅烧后的黑液主要含有Na₂SiO₃、KCl、MgSO₄、CaSO₄等无机化合物。EDS结果进一步证实经过煅烧后的黑液残渣中含有Na、K、O、S、Cl、Ca和Si等元素。黑液蒸发特性研究显示，在真空条件下，随着温度的升高，蒸发速率逐渐增大，随着蒸发时间延长，冷凝液体积不断减小；虽然真空条件下，不同温度蒸发得到的冷凝液体积下降的速度不同，但蒸发至冷凝液体积为0 mL时所需时间却相差不大，因此在黑液的实际治理过程中，在真空蒸发的情况下可以在温度较低的条件下（40～60℃）进行蒸馏，节省成本。真空条件下的蒸发实验结果表明，不同温度下的冷凝液成分相似，主要含有丙醇以及1，3-丙二醇等醇类有机小分子物质。

Abstract:

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the compositions of pulping black liquor were carried out by using elemental analyzer， X-ray diffraction （XRD）， Energy Dispersive Spectrometry （EDS） and Ion Chromatography （IC）， etc. In addition， evaporation characteristics of the black liquor were also investigated. The results of the elemental analysis showed that nitrogen， carbon， hydrogen and sulfur were included in the solid of pulping black liquor after evaporation. According to XRD results， inorganic compounds in calcined black liquor were mainly Na₂SiO₃，KCl， MgSO₄， CaSO₄. EDS results further confirmed the existent of elements such as sodium， potassium， calcium， oxygen， sulfur， chlorine and silicon in the calcined black liquor. The study of evaporation characteristics of black liquor showed that under vacuum condition, the evaporation rate increased and the volume of condensing liquid decreased as elevating the temperature and prolonging the time, respectively. Although the decrease rates of the volume of the condensing liquid under different temperatures were different under vacuum， the time required to dry out was similar. Therefore， lower evaporation temperature （40～60℃） under vacuum could be used to save the cost of pulping black liquor treatment. The results of evaporating experiment under vacuum showed that the compositions of the condensate were similar under different temperature which were mainly alcohols such as propyl alcohol and propylene glycol.

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